Browse Foundations

Foundations

Overview

SGDS colours are designed to be clear, accessible and communicate how things function in the interface. This helps to create visual patterns that can make interacting easier and more predictable.

Colour principles

Hierarchical

Use colour to show interaction, relationships, and prominence.

Legible

Use colour combinations that meet legibility standards.

Harmonious

Use colour consistently so the interface feels unified.

Rules and guidelines

Contrast

Choose colour combinations with enough contrast for text, icons, and controls. This supports users with low vision, colour blindness, and other visual impairments.

Skip one colour step

Skip at least one step in the colour scale when pairing foreground and background colours. This creates clearer separation between surfaces, text, and interactive elements.

Keep colour consistent

Use the same colour for the same role across the interface. This helps users recognise repeated patterns and understand what each colour means.

Colour system

SGDS uses 10 tints and shades of gray per color theme. These grays are neutral gray.

Background

Default /Fixed light0Fixed lightAlternate1002003004005006007008009001000AlternateFixed dark1100Default /Fixed dark

Surfaces

Default /Fixed light0Inverse /Fixed lightRaised100200300400500600700800RaisedInverse /Fixed dark900Default /Fixed dark10001100

Text and icons

0Inverse /Fixed light100Default /Fixed light200Muted300400Subtle500600Subtle700800Muted900Default /Fixed dark1000Inverse /Fixed dark1100

Borders

Fixed light0Fixed light100Muted200Emphasis300400Default500Default600700Emphasis800Muted900Fixed dark1000Fixed dark1100

Greyscale

3.28 A4.8 AA7.04 AAAWhiteBlack7.06 AAA4.78 AA3.26 A

Lightness

SGDS’s greys follow a perceptually curved progression of lightness. The outcome is a progression of grey colour values that are optimal for SGDS’s usage of grey. Each lightness value was converted into a target contrast ratio, which follows a polynomial curve.

100%50%0%
grey-100grey-1000

Contrast

Greys include contrast ratios above and below a 1:1 contrast with the background.

20100
grey-100grey-1000

Chromatic luminance

As colours increase in saturation, they appear to have a brighter luminosity (also known as the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect). This affects SGDS colours that differ in saturation levels.

20100
grey-100grey-1000

Stevens' power law

This law is an observation in the rate of change in a given stimulus, and it affects lightness scales for colour. Numerically even distributions of tints and shades in a perceptually uniform colour space will not appear to be equally distributed.

100%50%0%
grey-100grey-1000

Singapore Government Design System

The Singapore Government Design System was developed to empower teams in creating fast, accessible and mobile-friendly digital services.

Past VersionsSGDS v1SGDS v2